OVRAL L TABLET 21'S

How OVRAL L TABLET 21'S Works

• OVRAL L TABLET 21'S is a combination oral contraceptive pill, often referred to as 'the pill.' It contains two synthetic hormones: levonorgestrel (a progestin) and ethinyl estradiol (an estrogen). These hormones work synergistically to prevent pregnancy primarily through three mechanisms: inhibiting ovulation, altering the cervical mucus, and changing the uterine lining.
• **Inhibition of Ovulation:** The primary mechanism of action for OVRAL L TABLET 21'S is the prevention of ovulation. The hormones, particularly ethinyl estradiol, suppress the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. GnRH normally stimulates the pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). FSH is responsible for the development of ovarian follicles, each containing an egg, and LH triggers ovulation, the release of a mature egg from the follicle. By suppressing GnRH, OVRAL L effectively prevents the surge of LH necessary for ovulation, thus preventing the egg from being released from the ovary. If there is no egg released, fertilization cannot occur, and pregnancy is prevented.
• **Alteration of Cervical Mucus:** OVRAL L also affects the cervical mucus, making it thicker and more viscous. The progestin component, levonorgestrel, is primarily responsible for this effect. Normal cervical mucus, around the time of ovulation, becomes thin and watery, which facilitates sperm movement towards the egg. The thickened cervical mucus acts as a physical barrier, hindering sperm from entering the uterus and reaching any eggs that may have been released. This reduction in sperm motility significantly reduces the likelihood of fertilization.
• **Changes to the Uterine Lining (Endometrium):** The hormones in OVRAL L also alter the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. Specifically, they make the endometrium thinner and less receptive to implantation. If, despite the other mechanisms, fertilization were to occur, the altered endometrium makes it less likely for the fertilized egg to implant and develop. This creates a hostile environment for implantation, preventing a successful pregnancy.
• By combining these three mechanisms, OVRAL L TABLET 21'S provides effective contraception when taken consistently and correctly as prescribed. Consistent daily use is crucial to maintain stable hormone levels, ensuring the effectiveness of all three mechanisms. Missing pills or inconsistent use can reduce the effectiveness of the medication, increasing the risk of unintended pregnancy.
• In summary, OVRAL L TABLET 21'S prevents pregnancy by stopping the release of an egg (ovulation), thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and thinning the uterine lining to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg. These actions work together to provide a reliable form of birth control when used as directed by a healthcare professional.

Common side effects of OVRAL L TABLET 21'S may include nausea, vomiting, headache, bloating, breast tenderness, weight changes, and changes in menstrual periods. Some women may also experience mood changes, decreased libido, or vaginal discharge. Less common side effects can include high blood pressure, blood clots, liver problems, gallbladder disease, and changes in vision. Allergic reactions are rare but possible. Contact your doctor if you experience severe abdominal pain, chest pain, shortness of breath, severe headaches, vision changes, or yellowing of the skin or eyes.

• If you miss one pill, take it as soon as you remember, and then take your next pill at your regular time. This might mean taking two pills in one day.
• If you miss two pills in a row in the first or second week, take two pills the day you remember and two pills the next day. Then continue taking one pill a day until you finish the pack. Use back-up contraception (like condoms) for the next 7 days.
• If you miss two pills in a row in the third week, or if you miss three or more pills in a row at any time, start a new pack of pills immediately. Use back-up contraception (like condoms) for the next 7 days if you have sex.
• If you have trouble remembering to take the pill, ask your doctor or pharmacist about ways to help you remember.

• Keep OVRAL L TAB 1X21 away from the reach of children and pets.
• Store OVRAL L TAB 1X21 at room temperature.

• Take OVRAL L TABLET 21'S exactly as prescribed by your doctor. It's crucial to follow the dosing schedule, typically one tablet daily, to maintain its effectiveness in preventing pregnancy. Consistency is key!
• If you miss a dose of OVRAL L TABLET 21'S, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Using backup contraception like condoms for the next few days is advisable to avoid unintended pregnancy.
• Be aware of potential side effects such as nausea, headache, breast tenderness, or changes in your menstrual cycle when starting OVRAL L TABLET 21'S. These symptoms are usually mild and temporary. However, if they persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider.
• Certain medications, like some antibiotics or herbal supplements such as St. John's Wort, can interact with OVRAL L TABLET 21'S and reduce its effectiveness. Inform your doctor about all the medications and supplements you are currently taking to avoid any potential interactions.
• Regular check-ups with your doctor are essential while using OVRAL L TABLET 21'S. Discuss any concerns or changes in your health, and ensure that you are still a suitable candidate for this type of oral contraceptive. It's important to monitor blood pressure and other relevant health markers.

• OVRAL L TABLET 21'S is generally taken without regard to food. However, it is important to take the medicine at the same time each day to maintain consistent hormone levels in the body. If you experience stomach upset, you may take it with food.
• Avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice while taking OVRAL L TABLET 21'S as it may increase the levels of estrogen in your body, potentially leading to increased side effects.